Pha Taem n.p. (6)

 

2004: I received an email from the kind Eric Schlosser, well known among cp growers for his passion for Utricularia. He told me that I could have found some Nepenthes on Phu Kradung and…in the Pha Taem n.p. I asked him how he had been able to find such a precious information, and he gave me this link (http://www.pop.co.th/travel/honey.phtml?sid=2123&type=en). So I was ready to include this park to my list without knowing much else about it. But I was quite lucky. When, during the last days in Bangkok, I went once again to the Chulalongkorn Univ. Herbarium, while I was waiting for the secretary who was writing down the address of another herbarium (BK), I met a girl. She asked me what I was looking for, as she saw how I was looking here and there among books, pictures on the wall and formalin specimens… I explained her how I was doing a research about the mokao. So she gave me a big book. It was her brother’s degree thesis…about Pha Taem! I quickly turned all the pages to arrive to the most important one…Yes, there it was, a nice picture showing Nepenthes smilesii. There was also a nice drawing, which showed the plant’s growing habit. Eric, also a few Utrics grow in this park…

 

2006: I went there. I left Trakan Puet Pon not under the best omens. It took half an hour to go from my resort to downtown. I had a quick breakfast and then, looking around for any information about how to reach the national park, in a shop I met a girl, Niky. She had a very good English as she had lived in Australia for a few years. She brought me to the bus station and helped me to find out the best way to go to Pha Taem and she even left me her phone number, just in case I could have had any problem going around in the Trakan Puet Pon area. The people at the station told her that I had to take a tuk-tuk from the bus stop where the bus would have left me. But being used to it, as soon as the bus let me down, after 4 minutes I stopped a car who brought me directly to the main road to the park. I did the last 2 km walking. Very nice and strange surroundings: rocks and savannahs.

Probably in the rainy season those places are covered with utrics. At the checkpoint I showed my letter in thai language which explained the purpose of my visit and they let me go to the visitor centre without paying the fee. At the visitor centre I was shown a couple of mokao plants growing in some flower beds. Just a few pitchers, which gave me the idea of a N. smilesii, but not enough for a final identification. The staff told me (after some confusion: I had to go with a park guard and his motorbike to another visitor centre, where I had been told that the mokao was growing, while eventually it wasn’t true; but in this way I had another occasion to see the amazing surroundings, flat rocks and savannahs for kilometres, you wouldn’t be surprised to see a dinosaur walking around in such a habitat!) that the mokao is growing only at the Soi Sawan waterfalls, at 200 mt altitude. The highest altitude at Pha Taem is in fact 200 mt, another detail that gives me some doubts about that Nepenthes identity (N. smilesii goes from 700 to 1200 mt). I wasn’t sure about what to do, as I also had to see another mokao location, the Kaeng Tana np, and after all I had some pictures and lids of the plants at Pha Taem. I went back to the check point and I waited for the fate to decide. After 20 minutes a car stopped, that was going right to the Kaeng Tana np.

A couple of days later, Niky offered herself to bring me to the Soi Sawan waterfalls by car. I accepted as this was making my job much easier. At about 11am we arrived and we didn’t even had to pay the fee as the waterfalls were dry and the checkpoint empty. We were told by the staff that the mokao is probably growing in one of the three main tourist spots, where all the particular flowers and plants are growing. The first mokao plants I saw there were on the sides of the little manmade walk that brought to the different view sites. They were not at all healthy, as they had probably been potted in the wrong time of the year and in the wrong way. A few meters away I saw the most incredible view. Rocks and flat savannahs, for kilometres, covered with D. burmanni, indica, U. bifida and delphinioides. Look here: pic1, pic2, pic3. I noticed in many visitor centres and parks that everywhere dusita is growing (dusita is Utricularia), you can see some pictures of the Queen while she enjoys the view and the beautiful affect these plants can give when they grow by the hundreds of thousands.

But here in Pha Taem in particular you’ll see some kind of rock seat rounded by ropes: that’s the place where the Queen sat down to look at dusitas when she came to visit this place. And of course the staff made a little monument out of it. All these carnivorous plants were still healthy and growing despite the dry season because of some underground, perennial streams that keep the whole area constantly wet. I couldn’t see mokao for some time though. Then, suddenly, near two different trees, a few metres one from the other, the only two plants I could find. There were no other specimens, nor I could see any seedling or smaller plants, just these two big Nepenthes, not too far from the walk side. It seems to me a little bit unnatural, but at least there’s no doubt that those two plants hadn’t been planted by the staff. Then also, the area is so vast that probably other plants are growing in less visited places, and those two were left there for the tourists to take pictures. Niky was waiting for me, so I had to be fast and I couldn’t visit the rest of the area.

The two N. smilesii plants were about 1 mt tall; the first had lower pitchers and no flowers. The second one had just upper pitchers and a few big flowers, with many large seed capsules already emptied, by mother nature or father staff. They were growing on a carpet of dry grass, in full sun. The soil was made of clay and sand in equal parts. The temperature was quite high, probably around 35 C, but it was lunch time, so that’s normal. Here a few pics: pic1, pic2, pic3.                         

I spent that last afternoon in Trakan doing my packets to send plants and seeds around the world.

 

2007: I went straight to my usual hotel near Trakan. I relaxed for the rest of the evening; I had my usual rice with prawns and some whisky with the resort owner. The following day I went to Soi Sawan. I got there by bus and, I don’t know why, they didn’t make me pay for the ticket. I went around the whole place exploring a much larger area than the previous year. But I could only find the usual two big plants and 2-3 other smaller ones, planted near the car park. On the way out I found a family that was going back to Trakan. They just told me to wait for about one hour, to let them visit the waterfalls. So I had a drink, a strange gum-flavoured sprite they have here in Thailand. I spoke a bit with the few dogs that were looking for some food and then, once the family came back, I jumped on the back of the pick up. Along the way to Trakan I also tried some of the many tamarinds they had in the back of the van. One month later I was back there, as I really needed to solve that matter. Where the popular Pha Taem pitcher plants were all gone? I thought everything could be solved explaining my doubts to someone from the staff by phone thanks to Niky. She called, but the line was busy. Niky tried to find some more indications on the web, filling the blanks of a few search engines in Thai language. Finally we found a document of the Thai Carnivorous Plant Society! A young girl had been at Pha Taem, and she had found a lot of pitcher plants in an area called Pha Chanadai, near the Huay Poog waterfall. Something that no one from the staff (including Visitor Centre, Headquarter, main entrance and Soi Sawan staff) had ever been able to tell me! At Pha Chanadai N. smilesii plants are growing in large number, usually shaded by small scrubs they also climb onto. In about 15 minutes the mystery had been made clear. It’s interesting to note how here in the Ubon province (Pha Taem and Bung), as well as further in the north at Phu Wua, N. smilesii grows at lower altitudes (100-400 metres) compared to the western populations (700-1200 metres). I think that’s not due to climatic reasons. I think it could be somehow related to geology. N. smilesii seems to be always growing close to these very strange flat rocks (unfortunately it doesn’t mean that if you find flat rocks you find Nepenthes). It could be that the soil deriving from this kind of rock in ancient times provided the peculiar habitat for the evolution of some plants into this particular species, while the movements of the earth’s crust pressed and brought these areas at different altitudes. Or, on the contrary, the species was already growing on some mountain, and from there it moved to other areas which were similar in their soil characteristics even if different in their temperatures, the latter being probably not so important for its survival. My day was done, I had a great hot shower at Niky’s hotel, in the comfortable room she gave me at a very special price. Soft and clean bed, air conditioning and BBC. Barbecue with Niky and another friend and then the best sleep I had in two months.